Fluid seal



April 20, 1948. ch. PETERSON EIAL 55 mun sign. Filed-Nov. so, 1944 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 By flL BEET h! .DE/M

Gb 'ML #IW A TTORNE Yis Patented Apr- 20, 1943 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE rwm sear.

Carl D. Peterson and Albert II. Deimel, Toledo, Ohio: said Deimel and Marion F. Peterson, executrix of said Carl D. Peterson, deceased, assignors to Dana (incantation, Toledo, Ohio, a

corporation of Virg Application November 30,1944, Serial No. 565,830

1 2Claims. (chase-11) 2 This invention relates to fluid seals, particu- The impeller is here shown as having an elonlarly for hydraulic transmission units of the gated hub 5 which may be connected in any.

hydro-kinetic type, wherein it is essential to consuitable manner to a prime mover or engine. fine the leakageof the fluid to an infinitesimal Th'e runner is also shown as provided with a hub minimum, and has for its object a simple, easily- 5 6 connected to a part to be driven. The hubs installed and long-lived seal, which is not warped 5 and 6, as here shown,- surround a shaft 1. The or distorted by any temperaturethat can develop shaft 1 may be actuated by the prime mover and in the unit and is easily installed by the average connected to the same driven part as thehub G mechanic, requires no, lapping or other highly through a clutch operating to directly connect skilled work in installation and has but one pair 10 the shaft 1 to the driven part. when cutting Out of radial edge sealing surfaces. the drive through the converter. The prime The invention consists in the novel features mover and the driven mechanism and the manner and in the combinations and constructions herein which it is actuated from the runner 4 and inafter set forth and claimed. the shaft 1 form no part of this invention.

In describing this invention, reference is had In Figure 1, three 5 are shown 0 001111116 to the accompanying drawings, in which like the fluid to within the housing I and between characters designate corresponding parts in all the impeller and the runner. These seals are the views. of practically the same construction and the seal Figure 1 is a radial sectional view of a hyat the left side 01' Figure 1 will be described in draulic transmission, as a torque converter indetail.

volvlng fluid seals embodying this invention. ll designates the carbon ring which is fixedly Figures 2, 3 and 4 are fragmentary views illusmounted on and rotatable with the impeller 3. trating slightly modified forms of the seals. I2 designates the metal ring fixed to the casing This fluid seal includes, generally, a ring of a a d I3 d ignates the radial edge sealing bematerial, such as carbon, having a small coefii tween these two rings. ll are bellows fixed at cient of expansion relative to that of metal, fixone end to the metal seal and at its other end edly mounted on one of two relatively rotating to an abutment or cup I 5 interposed between the parts of the transmission unit, a second ring of housing I d the Outer r308 01 8 Journal bearmetal fixed to the other of said two parts, the in is be w en th housing I and the hub 5 of rings having radial annular engaging 0r sealing 3 h impelle the bellows being secured as by faces, a bellows secured to the metal ring and soldering whom e eta i d't e cup located between the metal ring and the part of is a coiled spring thrusting in oppo ite the transmission with which the metal ring is direc ions ai st the c 15 and the metal i associated, to prevent the flow of fluid from out- This Spring may e l t d ei her inside or side of th rings and bellow to the d or outside of the bellows. The ring l2, bellows l4, vice-verse, in accordance with' the direction of a u me t l a d spring ll ute a u ta y the pressure of the fluid, and spring means for t t r l mem erclamping the first or carbon sealing ring to the The carbon 8 II is pe ct y a l r, withpart with which it is associated, and. thereby fixo t any flat portions on its inner bore or outer ing it thereto, this clamping means only m 40 circumference for thepurpose of keying it to the tionally engaging the carbon ring and not being hub 5 or the impeller 3, and its front and rear interlocked'therewith and also applying enough surfaces are flat and radial with the exception pressure to hold the carbon ring from rotation that t front S e, that is, the side toward therelative to the part with which it is associated, ring I2 is provided with an annular nose on which without the use of keys, bolts, or screws or other the sealing surface is provided. In other W mechanical means or structures. the ring II is substantially rectangular in cross The fluid seals are here shown as embodied in section throughout its entire circle or annularly a hydraulic torque converter in which I desigsymmetrical and also symmetrical in cross secnates thestationary housing, 2 the stator carried tion. This construction avoids distortion or warpby the housing, 3 the impeller and 4 the runner. o lug under the heat generated in the hydraulic oi withstandingmaximum unit. The carbon ring II is fixedly mounted on the part with which it rotates, that is. the impellerd, by clamping means which causes it to be frictionally engaged only with the impeller I and with the clamping means, thus eliminating the use of keys, lugs, bolts, screws, etc. The

clamping means is a spring washer I8, that here thrusting it toward a flat I9 on the impeller 8, the

' pressure being suflicient to hold the carbon ring from rotation relative to the impeller I. Preterably, a thin flat gasket 20 is locatedv between the carbon ring and tremely thin and relatively soft and capable heat generated in the transmission unit. It may be of a material containing asbestos or soft lead or copper.

In the form shown at the left side of Figure 1, the washer I8 is anchored between an abutment ring, as a spacer 2| surrounding the hub 5 within the bellows I 4, the spacer abutting against the inner race of the bearing I5 and the inner race being held in position by a nut 22 threading on the hub 5. In order toprevent any leakage at all even an infinitesimal amount, a pistonlike packing ring 23 may be interposed between the spacer 2I and the inner cylindrical surface of the metal ring I2, but this piston ring is usually omitted. At the right side of Figure 1, substantially the same construction is shown with the exception that an ordinary spring washer I" is used instead of the Belleville washer, and this spring washer is held at its inner edge in a notch in a spacer 2), corresponding to the spacer 2I. At the middle of Figure 1, a seal is shown for preventing the fiow of oil from between the runner and impeller to the shaft 1, and hence the carbon ring I I0 is an internal one instead oi an external one. I8I designates the spring washer, this being seated at its outer edge in a notch in a ring outer rim pressing againstthe surface l9, this being exlows and the nut the sleeve 52. The sleeve 52 extends into the bel- 20 is located in the bellows. Also. the spring I12, corresponding to the spring I1 (Figure 1 is located in the bellows. The bellows thrusts at its end remote from the sealing surfaces against an abutment or cup I52 surrounding the spring and abutting flatwise against a mounting ring 3| secured to one of the two rel ative rotating parts 32, as by screws 33. The cup I52 is secured to the retaining ring 3i by screws 34. In Figure 3, the application or this seal to two relatively rotating parts is shown in which the carbon ring is held from relative rotation with the part on which it is mounted, by means of a spring washer in a manner slightly diiierent than shown in Figure 1.

In Figure 4, the spring washer I83 isshown as held at its inner edge by a spacer which is held in position by a nutthreading on a hub on the rotating part 36 on which the carbon sealing ring is mounted. The rest of the assembly in this view is analogous to that shown in Figure 3.

In any form of the invention, the sealing ring is annularly symmetrical and also symmetrical in cross section, so as not to distort under the heat developed, and is clamped in position against rotation relative to'the member or part on which it is mounted, without the use of lugs, screws, keys, etc.

In any form of the invention, the carbonsealing ring is clamped against rotation on the part with which it is associated by a spring washer and an abutment ring fixed from axial move- 24 surrounding the carbon ring H0 and secured to the part with which the carbon ring rotates, that is, in this instance, the impeller 3, by screws 25. Also, in the seal shown in the middle of Figure 1, the bellows thrust at its end remote from the metal ring I2I against an annular flange on an abutment or cup I50 telescoping into the bore of the hub of the runner.

In the form shown in Figure 2, the spring III is shown as located inside the bellows and the cup or abutment I5I, corresponding to the abutment I5 (Figure 1) thrusts at its bottom against a ring 21 which in turn thrusts against the outer race of the bearing,'corresponding to the bearing I6) (Figure 1). The L spacer sleeve 2| thrusts against the inner race "of this hearing, as in FIE- ure 1. The cup I5I fits into a bore in the contiguous part of the housing I and is held from displacement by a snap ring 28. The spring washer I8I, although not of the Belleville type. is located substantially the same as washer I8 (Figure 1) between the end of the spacer and the carbon ring I I.

In the form shown at the right hand end of Figure 2, the washer is substantially the same as that shown in the middle of Figure 1.

a In Figure 3, the carbon ring I I2, corresponding to the ring I I (Figure 1), is clamped in an annular recess in a flange on a sleeve 52 around the shaft 29 and the spring washer I82, corresponding to the Bellevi-lle washer I8 (Figure 1), thrusts at its inner edge against a nut 30 threading on the Belleville ment relative to the part on which the carbon ring is mounted; the metal sealing ring is part of a unitary structure including the cup or abutment i5, I50, I5I, I52 or I53, the bellows secured at its ends to the abutment and the metal sealing ring, the coiled spring between the abutment and the sealing ring, whether inside or outside of the bellows, and the spacer or ring 2| against which the spring washer abuts, whether a sleeve or a spacer held in position by a. nut, or by a nut alone I or by an external ring, as at the middle of Figure 1, is free of the unitary structure. Owing to these features, the entire seal is easily installed.

What we claim is:

1. A fluid seal for hydraulic transmission units including relatively rotating coaxial parts, the seal including a ring of a material having a small coemcient of expansion relative to that of metal fixed on one of said parts, a. second ring of metal fixed to the other of said parts, the rings having" ooacting radial, annular sealing faces, a bellows secured to the metal ring and arranged to prevent the flow of fluid from the outside of the rings and bellows to the inside, and vice-versa, around the sealing faces, and a spring washer carried by the part with which the first ringis associated and loaded to press against and frictionally engage the first ring to clamp the first ring to the part with which it is associated and thereby fix it thereto, the spring washer being located between said rings within the circles of their annular sealing i'aces.

2. A fluid seal for hydraulic transmission units including rotating coaxial parts, the seal including a sealingring for mounting on one of said parts and a unitary structure including a second sealing ring, an abutment for attachment to the other of said parts andspaced from the second sealing ring, a bellows between the abutment and the second Se l ring and secured thereto, a1, spring interposed between the abutment and the,- sccond sealing ring, a ring member within the bellows concentric therewith, and means for bolding it therein, and a spring washer for clamping the first sealing ring to the part with which it is associated, the.spriug washer being interposed between the said ring member and the first; sealingring, the ring member serving as an abutment within the bellows against which the spring washefoilowing references are of record in the file or this patent:

Number Number UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Dake Oct. 4,1932 Homan May 18, 1937 Basebe et ai. Mar. 28, 1939 Neracher et a1. Nov. 25, 1941 103111610 PATENTS Country Date France 1920 

